Welcome to third instalment in our mini-series on weighted vests.
So far, we have covered Osteoporosis & Bone Health and VO2/Caloric Expenditure. Today, we're getting into strength and muscle growth.
If you think I got nerdy on the last two issues, buckle up Bettys, because there are some really important distinctions we need to talk about today!
WHY
Muscle grows when you repeatedly ask it to do harder work over time. End of story.
Said another way, muscle growth happens with more load, more reps at the same load, or more challenging variations that are near muscular failure. That's the core of progressive overload.
And **spoiler alert**, it's why you're not going to change your muscle strength or size just by wearing a weighted vest and going about your day. You need high tension, a long enough time frame, and the simulation of muscle failure. (PubMedPMC)
Insert sad face and violins playing in the background…
Look, I, too, wish I could just look at my glutes and have them grow, but unfortunately, it doesn't work that way. They won't grow unless I eat enough and put in the work to drive the signal (progressive overload) for them to grow.
So, are weighted vests useless for muscle building, then?
The short answer is no. The detailed answer is in the next section.
WHAT (the science says)
Weighted Vest Alone ≠ Strength Gains
In a 27-week randomized trial (n=62, age ~74), participants wore 0%, 3%, or 5% bodyweight vests for 2 hours/day, 4 days/week, with no required exercises.
The Result: No differences in knee strength, endurance, physical performance, or bone markers as compared to the control group who did not wear weighted vests.
The authors (correctly) concluded that the stimulus of just wearing a vest was below the threshold to build strength. PubMed
Where Vests Are Useful (inside a training program):
In a 12-week randomized pilot (community-dwelling older adults), everyone did the same home exercises and 30-min walks.
The vest group (wearing ~10% of their body weight) improved their scores on a 6-minute walk, 2-minute step, 30-second chair-rise, and select hip strength exercises more than those who exercised without a vest.
Caveat: It's important to note that these results are not solely attributed to the weighted vest. It was a function of strength training with extra load. Physical Activity and Health
Dr. Stephanie's Comments:
The vest alone is not going to grow your glutes, or anything for that matter. In order for vest wearing to have any impact on strength and hypertrophy (muscle growth), you've gotta lift those weights, baby.
In my opinion, the biggest program is that most women are not strength training through midlife. They might “think” they are strength training with their cute little 2 lb ankle weights, but this is not strength training. This is a side effect of the delicate marketing tactics aimed to get women to spend their hard-earned money on gadgets.
Women are trying. I see you out there! You're taking your hot girl walks. You're hitting the yoga and pilates classes. You're doing group exercise with 4000 lunges. But, my friends, this is not strength training. Muscle burn is not the same as muscle failure.
If you feel called out right now, before you hit send on an angry, please know I'm not calling you out. I am calling you all the way up.
Want glutes that leave the room 2 minutes after you do? You will have to lift in a way that causes your muscles to fail.
Now, for my ladies who are still intimidated by the iron in the gym (we'll work on this). Getting bulky won't happen by accident. Just because you drive a car doesn't mean you will accidentally become a Nascar driver, you know?
For those of you who are dealing with joint issues or an injury – take it slow. A vest can be a perfect bridge for you to increase the mechanical load that would not otherwise be there.
I actually LOVE wearing a weighted vest when I do pull-ups, push-ups, or even walking lunges and step-ups. These are great ways to make bodyweight exercises more challenging. Read the next section for some specific examples.
HOW
Lower Body (glutes/quads):
For all exercises below, load with a snug vest and add 1-2 lbs or 1-3 reps per set if you're ≥2 reps from failure across all sets. Stop a set when your form breaks:
- Step-ups (box height at least mid-shin, but it can be at knee height or higher)
- Split squats or Bulgarian split squats
- Reverse or forward lunges
- Wall-sit or squat holds (time-under-tension)
Upper Body:
For the exercises below, do your working sets at RPE 7-9/10 (keep 0-3 reps in reverse). That's the “near-failure” zone the literature points to for hypertrophy with a wide range of loads. PMC
- Push-ups (these can be done elevated, like against a wall or countertop, on the floor, or even as a deficit)
- Pull-ups or chin-ups (start with your own bodyweight and work up to a vest once you can do an unassisted pull-up)
- Inverted rows (lower the bar over time, then add a vest)
You can also add a weighted vest to my LIFT program to increase the intensity of some of the moves, too!
NOW
This Week's 2-Day Bridge (30-40 min each):
Day A
- Step-ups: 3×8-12 per side (vest up if 12 is too easy)
- Push-ups: 4×6-12 (elevate your hands as needed and add a vest when 12 is too easy)
- Split squats: 3×8-12 per side
- Inverted rows: 3×8-12
- Side plank: 2×30-45 seconds per side
Day B
- Bulgarian split squats: 3×8-12 per leg (use a vest as you are able)
- Chin-up or band-assist pull-down: 4×6-12 (add a vest once you pull your own bodyweight)
- Reverse lunge: 3×8-12 per side
- Deficit push-ups or dumbbell press: 3×8-12
- Hip hinge (good-morning or RDL pattern unloaded): 3×10-15 (use a vest only if your back stays neutral)
How to progress each week:
- On the lifts that felt easiest, add 1-2 reps somewhere or add ~1-2 lb to the vest.
- Keep most sets near failure with crisp form.
- After 6-8 weeks, step into a formal progressive program with barbells, dumbbells, or machines, OR keep advancing vest-loaded calisthenics if you're getting stronger. PubMed
P.S. If you're reading about weighted vests and feeling your best, I think you'd love LIFT. LIFT is my smart, progressive 4-day split that teaches women in midlife how to lift weights safely and strategically. The result? Better results, joints that support you into older age, and the confidence of building that strong body you've always wanted. Curious? Check out LIFT.
References for this issue
- Greendale et al., 2000 (J Am Geriatr Soc): 27‑week vest‑only RCT (3–5% BW); no improvements in strength/performance—dose too low. PubMed
- Schoenfeld, 2021 (PMC): Loading recommendations; hypertrophy across a range when near failure; practical 6–12 rep / ~60–80% 1RM lane. PMC
- ACSM Position Stand, 2009: Progressive overload principles; novice hypertrophy loading/frequency; 2–10% load increases when reps exceed target. PubMed
- Mierzwicki et al., 2019 (Phys Act & Health): Exercise + ~10% BW vest outperformed exercise alone on 6MWT, 2‑min step, chair‑rise and some hip strength. Physical Activity and Health
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🌟 Love these recommendations? Find more resources to support your health in midlife in my Health Toolkit!
1 Calocurb ships within the USA and Canada (at an extra shipping cost). Customers from Australia and New Zealand can purchase Calocurb from www.calocurb.co.nz. The code works for all one-time, first orders. The code is not eligible for subscription orders. The standard delivery within the US is 3-6 working days, and shipping is free with any US order. A track & trace link will be provided via email once the order is placed.
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